CSS Richmond, CSS Virginia II, and CSS Texas

During the American Civil War, the Confederate States Navy (CSN) tried to match the size of the well-equipped United States Navy (USN) by building and buying steam-powered ironclad warships.  These waterline models of three Confederate ironclads (CSS Richmond, CSS Virginia II, and CSS Texas) are on display at the Mariners Museum in Newport News, Virginia, only a few miles from where CSS Virginia (ex-USS Merrimack) fought USS Monitor in the "Battle of the Ironclads" in 1862.  Judging by their "Stainless Banner"/"White Man's Banner" flags, these ships are displayed as they looked in 1863.  After the Civil War, warships began to transition from having several fixed guns, such as these rebel ships, to having a smaller number of guns in rotating turrets.  Not pictured here is CSS Stonewall, a French-built ironclad that (via Denmark and Spain) eventually ended up in the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) as HIJMS Kotetsu (literally "Ironclad"), which fought in Japan's own civil war, the 1868-1869 Boshin War between the Meiji imperial court and the Tokugawa shogunate.