Asuka

In 1985, the Japanese National Aerospace Laboratory (NAL) modified a Japanese Air Self-Defense Force (JASDF) Kawasaki C-1 military transport into the unique Quiet Short Takeoff and Landing (QSTOL) experimental aircraft JQ8501 Asuka, which was named for an ancient imperial capital of Japan.  Like the American Boeing YC-14 transport or the Soviet Antonov An-72, Asuka has its jet engines mounted above and ahead of the wings to exploit the Coanda effect, though Asuka has four engines and the YC-14 and An-72 only two.  Asuka was not put into mass production, but some of the research performed on it has influenced the new Kawasaki C-2 transport, and the airplane is on display at the Kakamigahara Aerospace Science Museum in Gifu Prefecture.